Cayenne Pepper vs Jalapeño

Cayenne delivers 4-20x more heat with a cleaner, more neutral flavor ideal for general seasoning.

Quick Compare Heat Flavor Culinary Best For Substitution Growing Buying Mistakes FAQ Related

Cayenne Pepper

Hot
30K–50K SHU
French Guiana · C. annuum
VS

Jalapeño

Medium
3K–8K SHU
Mexico · C. annuum

Quick Comparison

Attribute Cayenne Pepper Jalapeño
Scoville (SHU) 30K–50K 3K–8K
Heat Tier Hot Medium
vs Jalapeño 6× hotter 1× hotter
Flavor Profile neutral and peppery bright and grassy
Species C. annuum C. annuum
Origin French Guiana Mexico

Heat Comparison

Position on the Scoville Scale
Cayenne
Jalapeño
0 SHU3.2M SHU

Cayenne Pepper is 6× hotter than Jalapeño. Cayenne Pepper is 6× hotter than a jalapeño, while Jalapeño is 1× hotter. They fall in different heat tiers: Cayenne Pepper is classified as hot while Jalapeño sits in the medium range.

Flavor Profile

Cayenne Pepper
neutral peppery C. annuum
Jalapeño
bright grassy C. annuum

Both peppers belong to C. annuum, which means they share some underlying flavor chemistry. However, Cayenne Pepper’s neutral and peppery notes contrast with Jalapeño’s bright and grassy character.

Which Should You Choose?

Choose Cayenne Pepper if...
You want maximum heat
You prefer neutral and peppery flavors
You need a C. annuum variety
Choose Jalapeño if...
You want milder, more approachable heat
You prefer bright and grassy flavors
You need a C. annuum variety

Can You Substitute One for the Other?

Yes — direct substitution works. Cayenne Pepper and Jalapeño are close enough in heat (50K vs 8K SHU) to swap at roughly 1:1. The main difference will be flavor.

Buying & Storage

What to Look For (Both)
  • Firm pods with taut skin and consistent color
  • Should feel heavy relative to size
  • Minor stem cracks (“corking”) are normal
  • Avoid anything soft, shriveled, or with dark wet spots
How to Store (Both)
  • Fresh: Paper bag, crisper drawer — 1–2 weeks
  • Frozen: Wash, dry, freeze on sheet pan — 6+ months
  • Dried: Airtight, away from light — up to 1 year
Mistakes to Avoid with Cayenne Pepper & Jalapeño
Cayenne Pepper
  • Blaming the seeds. The membranes hold most capsaicin, not seeds.
  • Adding heat too early. Capsaicin breaks down during cooking.
  • Not tasting individual pods. Heat varies 30%+ pod to pod.
Jalapeño
  • Equating green with unripe. Green and colored are different products.
  • Overcooking. Cell walls break down after 8–10 min at high heat.
  • Sealed plastic storage. Trapped moisture causes rot. Use paper bags.

The Verdict: Cayenne Pepper vs Jalapeño

Cayenne Pepper and Jalapeño occupy very different positions on the heat spectrum. Cayenne Pepper delivers 6× more heat with its distinctive neutral and peppery character. Jalapeño, with its bright and grassy profile, excels in everyday cooking where flavor matters more than fire.

Full Cayenne Pepper Profile → Full Jalapeño Profile →
Sources & References

Data from USDA FoodData Central. American Chemical Society. PubMed – Capsaicin Research. PubMed – TRPV1 Receptor. EPPO Global Database. Chile Pepper Institute. PuckerButt Pepper Company.

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